Intsholongwane yekhompyuter yinkqubo encinci efumana ukufikelela kuthungelwano lwedatha ekwi-intanethi okanye isiphatho sedatha (intonga ye-USB, iCD-ROM, iDVD). Ihlala izama ukusasaza ngakumbi emva koko kwikhompyuter. Zininzi iintlobo zeentsholongwane ezibangela ukonakala okanye ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwekhompyuter ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Intsholongwane yekhompyuter yinkqubo okanye iqhekeza lekhowudi efakwe kwikhompyuter yakho engamenywanga. Nje ukuba ibekhona, inokwenza umsebenzi othile. Ngelishwa, lo msebenzi unokungaqwalaselwa ngumnini wekhompyuter okanye, kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu, thatha yonke inkqubo yokusebenza.
Eyona ndlela ilula yokufumanisa ukuba unentsholongwane kwi-PC kukufaka intsholongwane scanner kwikhompyuter enje Malwarebytes. Abo bangenzanga njalo kuya kufuneka bathathe imiqondiso efihlakeleyo. Umzekelo, ikhompyuter ethi icothise okanye iqale ngokukhawuleza isoloko iluphawu olubi. Iiwebhusayithi ezibonakala zahlukile zingumqondiso njengoko iinkqubo ezingafunekiyo zivela kwimenyu yokuqalisa okanye kwenye indawo kwihard disk.
Kukho umahluko phakathi kwentsholongwane rhoqo neentshulube. Intsholongwane sisiqwenga sekhowudi kwaye kufuneka siphumeze okanye uxwebhu lusebenze. Ezi ntlobo zintathu ziphambili zezi:
Intsholongwane enokufezekiswa: Uhlobo olugqithisileyo kwinqanaba lalo. Emva kokuba ifakwe kwikhompyuter, iyasasazeka ide ilungele ukufeza eyona njongo yayo.
Intsholongwane yecandelo leBoot: Uhlobo olubi nolungapheliyo lwegciwane elihlala kwi-BIOS yekhompyuter yakho, ilinike ulawulo lwenkqubo yokuqalisa.
Intsholongwane yeMacro: Intsholongwane enkulu ijolise kwiOfisi kaMicrosoft kuba isasazeka ngokukhawuleza ngamaxwebhu. Inkqubo ye-imeyile ye-Outlook Express nayo inokuchaphazeleka kolu hlobo lwentsholongwane.
Iintshulube zinokusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwaye zisasaze kwi-Intanethi, ngokukhethekileyo ngokuzikopa. Oku kubandakanya:
Amahashe eTrojan: Intsholongwane efakwe kwinkqubo emsulwa. Imigca yokukhangela yeyona mphathi uyithandayo.
Ukuhanjiswa kwesikhangeli: Usulelo olucaphukisayo kodwa ngesiqhelo alunabungozi. Iimpethu zibangela ukuba iphepha lasekhaya okanye injini yokukhangela emiselweyo itshintshwe.
I-Malware: Udidi olukhule ngokubalaseleyo kule minyaka idlulileyo. Ingqokelela yezixhobo ezininzi ezinobungozi ezizama ukusebenzisa kakubi ikhompyuter okanye umsebenzisi ngeendlela ezininzi, umzekelo, ngokuqokelela idatha yabucala.
Intsholongwane yekhompyuter inokuthintelwa ngokufaka nje intsholongwane elungileyo scanner Emva koku, umntu kufuneka enze ngokucokisekileyo scan yenkqubo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba unentsholongwane scanI-ner ihlaziywa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze isoyikiso esitsha sikwazi ukulwa. Ungaze uvule izinamathiselo ze-imeyile ezivela kubathumeli ongabazi ngokobuqu, kwaye ujonge ii-imeyile ezivela kwiinkampani ezaziwayo. Ezi imeyile zenkampani zihlala zixeliswa. Ukukhuphela isoftware yasimahla kwiiwebhusayithi ezingaziwayo kuyingozi kakhulu kuba inokuba ne-malware.
Funda ngokugqithisileyo, yintoni i-malware.